Philosophies by era
From 585 BCE to 470 BCE
Pre-Socratic Era
This era has one of the original names such as: Pythagoras who gave Philosophy its name "Love of Wisdom" from the words "philos", which means friend or lover, and "sophia", which means wisdom.
Mathematics, physics, astronomy and biology were born from this era and all of them were vaguely grouped into philosophy before Socrates separated them.
Socratic Era & Ancient Greek
The age of Athenian (or Ancient Greek) Philosophy, from Socrates and Plato to the famous names of Aristotle, Epicurus and Zeno of Citium (believed to be the originator of Stoicism).
This era asked the most fundamental questions to reality including human existence, moral dilemmas, basically make sense of the world and also is where the main topics were born.
Roman Era
The era where Skepticism, Stoicism and Epicureanism were developed. This is the era when the famous Roman Emperor was from, the man with the most recent notable Stoic teachings: Marcus Aurelius along with Seneca (The Younger).
From 470 BCE to 155 BCE
From 155 BCE to 525 CE
Modern Era
A relatively new era to us, that explain why a lot of us have heard of the main philosophies come from this era: Empiricism, Rationalism, Existentialism... This era is where the famous names of Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Max, Kant, Hume, Locke, Descartes, Hegel came from.
This era was more about Political, Social Structures... The era that perhaps gave grounds to the most recent philosophical development.
From 17th to 20th Century
Skipping Middle Age and Renaissance Eras...
Philosophy of our time
It is rather disappointing that Philosophy is being used to increase our capabilities to simply be a good student but not because of our "love of wisdom" from the ancient definition of it.
This is prove to the reason why I claim we need a philosophical outbreak, a revolution that will put the importance of philosophy back to its place.
It is a saddening truth, but we only have followers nowadays that read our predecessors' work but not contributing and advancing the teachings.